Curative

•	Definition: This refers to the sum of the three levels of case management for neonatal sepsis/pneumonia: oral antibiotics, injectable antibiotics, and full supportive care. See below for details on each intervention.

•	Effect size reference: This intervention does not have a direct effect, but refers to the sum of the three indicators listed below.

•Definition: Percent of neonates with suspected sepsis/pneumonia treated with oral antibiotics.

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are not typically available. Currently set at 0 for baseline; user should enter local data if possible and available.

•Effect size reference: Zaidi AK, Ganatra HA, Syed S, et al. Effect of case management on neonatal mortality due to sepsis and pneumonia. BMC Public Health 2011; 11(Suppl 3): S13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21501430.

•Definition: Percent of neonates with suspected sepsis/pneumonia treated with injectable antibiotics.

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are not typically available. Coverage of antibiotics for maternal sepsis is used as a proxy because similar set of supplies were needed for the two interventions.

•Definition: Percent of neonates with suspected sepsis/pneumonia treated with hospital-based full supportive care, including oxygen, IV fluids, IV antibiotics, blood transfusion, phototherapy, etc. as needed.

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are not typically available. Currently set at 0 for baseline; user should enter local data if possible and available.

•Definition: Percent of children 0-59 months with suspected diarrhea treated with oral rehydration solution (ORS), including sachets or pre-mixed solutions. This indicator does not include homemade sugar-salt solution or recommended home fluids due to lack of adequate data.

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are drawn from DHS, MICS, and other nationally representative household surveys.

•Notes: It is assumed that 88% of diarrhea mortality is susceptible to treatment with ORS. (Source: Rahman AE, Moinuddin M, Molla M, et al. Childhood diarrhoeal deaths in seven low- and middle-income countries. Bulletin WHO 2014. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25378757.) To change this assumption, visit the Effectiveness menu to alter the affected fraction.

This is an indicator of appropriate diarrhea treatment. This does not suggest that increased fluids, continuous feeding, or ORT should not be recommended.

•Effect size reference: Munos M, Fischer Walker CL, Black RE. The effect of oral rehydration solution and recommended home fluids on diarrhea mortality. International Journal of Epidemiology 2010; 39(Suppl 1): i75-i87. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20348131.

•Definition: Percent of children 0-59 months with bloody diarrhea who receive appropriate antibiotic treatment (including ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, and pivmecillinam).

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are drawn from DHS, MICS, and other nationally representative household surveys.

•Notes: It is assumed that 12% of diarrhea mortality is due to dysentery, and hence susceptible to treatment with this intervention. (Source: Rahman AE, Moinuddin M, Molla M, et al. Childhood diarrhoeal deaths in seven low- and middle-income countries. Bulletin WHO 2014. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25378757.) To change this assumption, visit the Effectiveness menu to alter the affected fraction.

•Effect size reference: Das JK Ali A, Salam RA, et al. Antibiotics for the treatment of Cholera, Shigella and Cryptosporidium in children. BMC Public Health 2013; 13(Suppl 3): S10. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24564492.

•Definition: Percent of children 0-59 months with suspected diarrhea treated with 20mg of zinc daily.

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are drawn from DHS, MICS, and other nationally representative household surveys.

•Effect size reference: Fischer Walker CL, Black RE. Zinc for the treatment of diarrhea: Effect on diarrhea morbidity, mortality and incidence of future episodes. International Journal of Epidemiology 2010; 39(Suppl 1): i63-i69. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20348128.

•Definition: Percent of children with suspected pneumonia (symptoms of acute respiratory infection) for whom advice or treatment was sought from a health facility or provider.

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are drawn from DHS, MICS, and other nationally representative household surveys. Careseeking for pneumonia is used as a proxy for treatment with oral antibiotics.

•Effect size reference: Theodoratou E, Al-Jilaihawi S, Woodward F, et al. The effect of case management on childhood pneumonia mortality in developing countries. International Journal of Epidemiology 2010; 39(Suppl 1): i155-i171. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20348118.

•Definition: Percent of children 1-59 months with severe pneumonia with hypoxemia for whom oxygen therapy with pulse oximetry monitoring were provided

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are not typically available. Currently set at 0 for baseline; user should enter local data if possible and available.

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are not typically available. As a proxy, the percent of children 6-59 months receiving two doses of vitamin A in 12 months (preventive Vitamin A supplementation) is used.

•Effect size reference: Sudfeld CR, Navar AM, Halsey NA. Effectiveness of measles vaccination and vitamin A treatment. International Journal of Epidemiology 2010; 39(Suppl 1): i48-i55. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20348126.

•Definition: Percent of children treated within 48 hours of the onset of fever in malaria-endemic areas with an artmesinin-containing compound (artemisinin-based combination therapy, or ACT).

•Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are drawn from DHS, MICS, and other nationally representative household surveys. This includes Malaria Indicator Surveys.

•Notes: Historic data often measures treatment with any antimalarial in 48 hours, rather than ACTs specifically. These data can be used to create a historical trend, but there is not a good way to translate "any antimalarial" into an estimate of ACT coverage due to differing levels of effectiveness.

•Effect size reference: Thwing J, Eisele TP, Steketee RW. Protective efficacy of malaria case management for preventing malaria mortality in children: A systematic review for the Lives Saved Tool. BMC Public Health 2011; 11(Suppl 3): S14. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21501431.

•Definition: Percent of severely wasted children (<-3 Z-score) receiving therapeutic feeding. Therapeutic feeding is outpatient treatment including supplementation with ready-to-use therapeutic foods (RUTF) and maternal education.

The UNICEF Global SAM Management Update Tool (NutriDash): 2012 – 2016. Available at www.acutemalnutrition.org.

The UNICEF-WHO-The World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates: 2012 – 2016. Available at www.acutemalnutrition.org.

•Notes: Therapeutic feeding is only applied to the percent of children severely wasted. It shifts children from the severely wasted category to moderately (-3 to -2 Z-score) and mildly (-2 to -1 Z-score) wasted categories.

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Effect size reference: Lenters LM, Wazny K, Webb P, et al. Treatment of severe and moderate acute malnutrition in low- and middle-income settings: A systematic review, meta-analysis and Delphi process. BMC Public Health 2013; 13(Suppl 3): S23. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3847503/.

Bhutta ZA, Das JK, Rizvi A, et al. Evidence-based interventions for improvement of maternal and child nutrition: what can be done and at what cost? Lancet 2013; 382(9890): 352-77. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23746776. (Supplemental material, page 15.)

•	Definition: Percent of moderately wasted children (-3 to -2 Z-score) receiving outpatient treatment including supplementation with ready-to-use supplementary foods (RUSF) and maternal education.

•	Default data source: Coverage data for this indicator are not typically available. Currently set at 0 for baseline; user should enter local data if possible and available.

•	Notes: Treatment for MAM shifts children from the moderately wasted category into the mildly wasted category (-2 to -1 Z-score).

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