Pathogens

This tab of the editor contains data on pathogen distribution in the absence of effective interventions.

Diarrhea

•Definition: Proportion of incident cases of severe diarrhea categorized by the causal pathogen. Proportion of deaths due to diarrhea categorized by the causal pathogen. Both proportions assume prior to rotavirus vaccine introduction.

•Default data source:

•Rotavirus among all cases:

•Mohan, V. R., Karthikeyan, R., Babji, S., McGrath, M., Shrestha, S., Shrestha, J., Mdumah, E., Amour, C., Samie, A., Nyathi, E., Haque, R., Qureshi, S., Yori, P. P., Lima, A., Bodhidatta, L., Svensen, E., Bessong, P., Ahmed, T., Seidman, J. C., Zaidi, A., … Etiology, Risk Factors, and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) Network Investigators (2017). Rotavirus Infection and Disease in a Multisite Birth Cohort: Results From the MAL-ED Study. The Journal of infectious diseases, 216(3), 305–316. https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jix199

•Rotavirus among severe and fatal cases:

•Fischer Walker CL, Rudan I, Liu L, et al. Global burden of childhood pneumonia and diarrhoea. The Lancet 2013; 381(9875): 1405-16. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23582727.

•	Notes: Pathogen B and Pathogen C serve as placeholders for future diarrhea analysis work.

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Pneumonia

•Definition: Proportion of incident cases of severe pneumonia categorized by the causal pathogen. Proportion of deaths due to pneumonia categorized by the causal pathogen. Both proportions assume prior to Hib and pneumococcal vaccine introduction.

•	Default data source:

•H. influenzae type b:

•Wahl, B., O'Brien, K. L., Greenbaum, A., Majumder, A., Liu, L., Chu, Y., Lukšić, I., Nair, H., McAllister, D. A., Campbell, H., Rudan, I., Black, R., & Knoll, M. D. (2018). Burden of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b disease in children in the era of conjugate vaccines: global, regional, and national estimates for 2000-15. The Lancet. Global health, 6(7), e744–e757. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30247-X

•Please refer to the online supplementary material.

•S. pneumoniae, calculated from the following sources:

•All S. pneumoniae:

•Please refer to the online supplementary material.

•Vaccine-type serotype by region:

•Johnson, H. L., Deloria-Knoll, M., Levine, O. S., Stoszek, S. K., Freimanis Hance, L., Reithinger, R., Muenz, L. R., & O'Brien, K. L. (2010). Systematic evaluation of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease among children under five: the pneumococcal global serotype project. PLoS medicine, 7(10), e1000348. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000348

•Please refer to the online supporting information.

•

Notes:

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Meningitis

•Definition: Proportion of incident cases of meningitis categorized by the causal pathogen. Proportion of deaths due to meningitis categorized by the causal pathogen. Both proportions assume prior to Hib and pneumococcal vaccine introduction.

•Default data source:

•H. influenzae type b:

•Country-specific proportions provided via direct communication with author.

•S. pneumoniae, calculated from the following sources:

•All S. pneumoniae:

•Country-specific proportions provided via direct communication with author.

•Vaccine-type serotype by region:

•Please refer to the online supporting information.

•N. meningitidis, calculated from the following sources:

•All N. meningitidis:

•Country-specific proportions provided via direct communication with author.

•Vaccine-type serotype:

•Trotter, C. L., Lingani, C., Fernandez, K., Cooper, L. V., Bita, A., Tevi-Benissan, C., Ronveaux, O., Préziosi, M. P., & Stuart, J. M. (2017). Impact of MenAfriVac in nine countries of the African meningitis belt, 2010-15: an analysis of surveillance data. The Lancet. Infectious diseases, 17(8), 867–872. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(17)30301-8

•Notes:

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